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BLURAY

Blu-ray (also known as Blu-ray Disc or BD) is a format for next-generation optical disc 12 cm in diameter (same as CD and DVD) for high-definition video and high data storage density. Its storage capacity currently stands at 50 GB and 25 GB dual layer to layer.

This format was imposed on its competitor, HD DVD, format war started to become the successor to the DVD standard, as in his day occurred between VHS and Betamax, and the phonograph and the gramophone. After the fall of many supporters of HD-DVD, Toshiba decided to abandon the manufacture of breeding and research to improve its format.

 

 

Blu-Ray uses a blue laser with a short wavelength of 405 nanometers, unlike the DVD, which uses a red laser of 650 nanometers. This, along with other technological advances, can store substantially more information than the DVD disc the same size and appearance. Blu-ray gets its name from blue laser beam ("blue ray" in Spanish would be a way of saying "blue ray"). The letter "e" of the original word "blue" was dropped because, in some countries can not register a trade name for a common word.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Blu-ray was developed jointly by a group of technology companies called the Blu-Ray Disc Association (BDA), led by Sony and Philips and consists of the following companies (in alphabetical order):

In the field of high definition video (HD), Blu-Ray Disc has a long list of benefactors, among them:

Studies exclusively:

Sony Pictures Entertainment (Columbia Pictures and Tristar Pictures, among others),

Buena Vista (Walt Disney Pictures, Touchstone Pictures, Hollywood Pictures and Miramax, etc.)

20th Century Fox (includes catalog of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and United Artists)

Lions Gate Films

Warner Bros Pictures

New Line Cinema

 

Studies exclusively:

Study collaborators:

Paramount Pictures (only for films directed by Steven Spielberg)

Filmax (only in Spain)

Ocean Studio (only in Spain)

 

The DVD offered at the time a high quality and was able to give a resolution of 720x480 (NTSC) or 720x576 (PAL) which is far outweighed by the capacity offered by high definition Blu-ray is 1920x1080 (1080p .) The latter is the format used by the studios to file their productions, which previously was converted to the format he wanted to export. This will no longer be necessary, so the movie industry will not have to spend time and effort in changing the resolution of Blu-ray movies, which lowers costs.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A layer Blu-ray disk can hold around 25 GB or about 6 hours of high definition video audio, and dual-layer disc can hold about 50 GB. The data transfer rate is 36 Mbit / s (54 Mbps for BD-ROM), but we are developing prototypes 2x transfer rate (double, 72 Mbit per second). Already available on BD-RE (rewritable format) standard, as well as the BD-R (recordable) and BD-ROM, as part of version 2.0 of the specifications of the Blu-ray.

On May 19, 2005, TDK announced a prototype Blu-ray four-layer 100GB. On October 3, 2007, Hitachi announced that it had developed a prototype BD-ROM 100 GB that, unlike the version of TDK and Panasonic, was compatible with readers on the market and only required a firmware update. Hitachi also commented that developing a 200GB version.

The size of the "dot" minimum in which a laser can be focused is limited by diffraction, and depends on the wavelength of the light beam and the numerical aperture of the lens used to focus. In the case of blue-violet laser used in Blu-ray, the wavelength is less compared with previous technologies, thereby increasing the numerical aperture (0.85, compared with 0.6 for DVD). With that, thanks to a dual lens system and a thinner protective cover, the laser beam can focus much more precisely on the surface of the disc. In other words, the points of information readable on the disc are much smaller and therefore the same space can hold much more information. Finally, in addition to improvements in optical technology, Blu-Ray discs incorporate an improved system of data encoding that allows pack even more information.

 

 

The DVD had two problems when trying to solve with Blu-Ray technology, so the structure is different. First reading on the DVD laser must pass through the polycarbonate layer of 0.6 mm in which the laser can be diffracted into two beams of light. If the diffraction is high, for example if it were scratched, prevents reading the disc. In the Blu-ray, having a layer only 0.1 mm avoids this problem because it has less traveled to the data layer, in addition, this layer is resistant to scratches. Secondly if the disc is tilted, in the case of DVD, for the same reason as the previous problem, the distortion of the laser beam would make it read in a wrong position resulting in errors. Thanks to its proximity to the lens and the fast convergence of the laser distortion is less being able to avoid the mistake of reading.

Another important feature of the Blu-ray is its resistance to scratches and dirt. The thin separation between the readout layer and the surface of the disc to Blu-ray discs more prone to scratches and dirt than a normal DVD. That is why it was thought first to market them in a kind of shell or Caddy. The idea was scrapped due to the elaboration by a protective substrate TDK DURABIS called not only compensates for the weakness of the Blu-ray but gives an extra protection against scratches. There are also DVDs with this protection, but is not as necessary as it is in a Blu-ray due to the increased thickness of the layer that separates data from the disk surface, 0.6 mm compared with the 0.1 mm Blu-ray.